Iconography: Figures 2S, 3S. See additional figures in Barros (1947: tab. 173) and Wheeler (2009: 332, fig. 298). Etymology: From the Greek makros, long, large, and rhiza, root, ‘large rooted’, referring to the thick elongated rhizomes of this species. Notes: Kükenthal (1909) presumably studied at B the original material of the names C. macrorrhiza and C. curvifolia (now destroyed), synonymizing the latter to the former. We follow Kükenthal (1909) and Wheeler (2006) and keep C. curvifolia as synonym of C. macrorrhiza. The plant pictured in Barros (1935: 196) does not match the characters of C. macrorrhiza regarding the utricle, although the plant that is represented for the whole habit strongly resembles the species. The plate might represent a large specimen of C. ecuadorica or a mix of different taxa.The records from Uruguay (Zuloaga et al., 2020; Govaerts et al., 2020+) seem to be at least partly based on specimens of C. divisa (e.g. URUGUAY: Soriano, Herter 94293, US-02141036!). Wheeler considered such records doubtful (Wheeler, 2006). The presence of C.macrorrhiza, an Andean species, in Uruguay also seems improbable to us, so we do not include the country under the distribution of the species. All the studied records from Bolivia are here identified as C. ecuadorica, thus the presence of specimens morphologically assignable to C. macrorrhiza in Bolivia needs confirmation.